Questions

PMP Question #643: How should the project manager address the sponsor's suggestion to use a faster, but less secure, third-party vendor?

A. Decline the suggestion and find an alternative vendor who meets the security requirements.
B. Implement the vendor's solution and include a risk mitigation plan for potential breaches.
C. Consult with the compliance officer and legal team before proceeding with the vendor selection.
D. Create a formal risk assessment for the vendor and present the findings to the sponsor.

PMP Question #649 :  After conducting qualitative risk analysis, you notice several low-priority risks. What is the best action?

A. Remove them from the risk register.
B. Transfer them to the issue log.
C. Keep them in the watch list within the risk register.
D. Escalate them to senior management.

PMP Question #13: What is the most appropriate action for you to take to address this potential risk?

**Submit your answer in the comments. In 2 weeks, I'll comment with the answer explanations, "Like" your comment - this will prompt a notification to you so you can come back to review

DOMAIN: Process, Managing Risks

TASK SNAPSHOT: The ability to identify, analyze, and plan a response for an external risk that could impact the project's timeline and budget. This tests the PM's proactive risk management skills.

SCENARIO

You are managing a project to build a new factory. The project is highly dependent on the delivery of a key piece of machinery from a supplier in a country that is experiencing political instability. The project is on schedule, and the supplier has not yet communicated any issues.

QUESTION: What is the most appropriate action for you to take to address this potential risk?

A. Continue with the project as planned and monitor news reports, as there is no official communication of a delay from the supplier.
B. Add the political instability as a risk to the risk register and develop a contingency plan, such as identifying a backup supplier.
C. Immediately contact the supplier and demand a formal written guarantee that the machinery will be delivered on time as per the contract.
D. Inform all project stakeholders of the political instability and tell them that a delay in the project is now likely to occur.

PMP Drag and Drop Practice Questions

1. Match Process Group → Knowledge Area

Drag each Process Group to the Knowledge Area where it is most heavily represented.

        Items to match:     Knowledge Areas:

• Initiating         A. Project Integration Management
• Planning         B. Project Scope Management
• Executing         C. Project Procurement Management
• Monitoring & Controlling                 D. Project Quality Management
• Closing         E. Project Stakeholder Management

Correct Match:

• Initiating → E. Project Stakeholder Management
• Planning → B. Project Scope Management
• Executing → D. Project Quality Management
• Monitoring & Controlling → C. Project Procurement Management
• Closing → A. Project Integration Management

---

2. Match Agile Artifact → Explanation

Artifacts:

• Product Backlog
• Sprint Backlog
• Increment
• Definition of Done

Explanations:
A. A potentially shippable piece of working product
B. A list of all work items for the product
C. Criteria that determine when work is complete
D. Items selected for a specific sprint plus a plan to deliver them

Correct Match:

• Product Backlog → B
• Sprint Backlog → D
• Increment → A
• Definition of Done → C

---

3. Match Risk Response Strategy → Example

Strategies:

• Mitigate
• Avoid
• Transfer
• Accept

Examples:
A. Buying insurance for a risky activity
B. Choosing a different approach to eliminate the risk
C. Adding extra testing to reduce probability of a defect
D. Doing nothing except monitoring the risk

Correct Match:

• Mitigate → C
• Avoid → B
• Transfer → A
• Accept → D

---

4. Match Earned Value Formula → Meaning

Formulas:

• CPI = EV / AC
• SPI = EV / PV
• EAC = BAC / CPI
• CV = EV - AC

Meanings:
A. Cost over/underrun
B. Efficiency of cost usage
C. Efficiency of schedule performance
D. Forecasted total project cost at completion

Correct Match:

• CPI = EV / AC → B
• SPI = EV / PV → C
• EAC = BAC / CPI → D
• CV = EV - AC → A

---

5. Match Contract Type → Best Use Case

Contract Types:

• Fixed Price
• Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF)
• Time & Materials
• Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF)

Use Cases:
A. Scope is unclear; seller is reimbursed plus set fee
B. Labor hours unknown; flexible work
C. Scope is clear and well-defined
D. Buyer wants seller to have performance incentives

Correct Match:

• Fixed Price → C
• CPIF → D
• Time & Materials → B
• CPFF → A

1. Match Agile Role → Responsibility

Roles:

• Scrum Master
• Product Owner
• Developers
• Agile Coach

Responsibilities:
A. Ensures team follows Scrum and removes impediments
B. Guides multiple teams on agile adoption
C. Builds the product increment
D. Prioritizes backlog and maximizes product value

Answers:

• Scrum Master → A
• Product Owner → D
• Developers → C
• Agile Coach → B

---

2. Match Communication Method → Description

Methods:

• Push
• Pull
• Interactive
• Asynchronous

Descriptions:
A. Meetings where all parties collaborate
B. Information sent to recipients without their request
C. Information stored, people access when needed
D. Communication not requiring immediate response

Answers:

• Push → B
• Pull → C
• Interactive → A
• Asynchronous → D

---

3. Match Estimation Technique → Use Case

Techniques:

• Analogous
• Parametric
• Bottom-up
• Three-Point

Use Cases:
A. Uses mathematical models based on unit rates
B. Uses past project data
C. Uses optimistic, pessimistic & most likely estimates
D. Builds detailed estimates from work package level

Answers:

• Analogous → B
• Parametric → A
• Bottom-up → D
• Three-Point → C

---

4. Match Conflict Resolution → Description

Techniques:

• Collaborate
• Compromise
• Forcing
• Withdraw

Descriptions:
A. Win-win solution
B. Temporary “lose-lose” middle ground
C. Power-driven win-lose
D. Avoiding the conflict

Answers:

• Collaborate → A
• Compromise → B
• Forcing → C
• Withdraw → D

---

5. Match Scheduling Term → Definition

Terms:

• Float
• Critical Path
• Milestone
• Dependency

Definitions:
A. Must finish before another activity begins
B. A significant event with zero duration
C. Path with longest duration
D. Amount of time an activity can be delayed

Answers:

• Float → D
• Critical Path → C
• Milestone → B
• Dependency → A

---

6. Match Risk Category → Example

Categories:

• Technical
• External
• Organizational
• Project Management

Examples:
A. Poor requirements gathering
B. Weather delays
C. New technology uncertainty
D. Resource availability issues

Answers:

• Technical → C
• External → B
• Organizational → D
• Project Management → A

---

7. Match Quality Tool → Description

Tools:

• Cause-and-effect diagram
• Control chart
• Histogram
• Pareto chart

Descriptions:
A. Shows variation over time
B. 80/20 principle to identify major issues
C. Frequency distribution
D. Identifies root causes

Answers:

• Cause-and-effect → D
• Control chart → A
• Histogram → C
• Pareto chart → B

---

8. Match Procurement Document → Purpose

Documents:

• RFI
• RFP
• RFQ
• SOW

Purposes:
A. Request proposals for solutions
B. Request price quotes for well-defined work
C. Gather information from sellers
D. Defines the work to be performed

Answers:

• RFI → C
• RFP → A
• RFQ → B
• SOW → D

---

9. Match Stakeholder Strategy → Example

Strategies:

• Manage Closely
• Keep Satisfied
• Keep Informed
• Monitor

Examples:
A. Low interest, low power
B. High interest, high power
C. High power, low interest
D. High interest, low power

Answers:

• Manage Closely → B
• Keep Satisfied → C
• Keep Informed → D
• Monitor → A

---

10. Match Budget Term → Definition

Terms:

• Contingency Reserve
• Management Reserve
• Cost Baseline
• Funding Limit Reconciliation

Definitions:
A. Adjusts schedule/spending to meet funding caps
B. For known unknowns
C. For unknown unknowns
D. Approved version of time-phased budget

Answers:

• Contingency Reserve → B
• Management Reserve → C
• Cost Baseline → D
• Funding Limit Reconciliation → A

---

11. Match Change Control Item → Description

Items:

• Change Request
• Change Log
• Change Control Board (CCB)
• Configuration Management System

Descriptions:
A. Tracks status of all requests
B. Formal proposal to modify project
C. Governs product and documentation versions
D. Group that approves/rejects changes

Answers:

• Change Request → B
• Change Log → A
• CCB → D
• Configuration Mgmt System → C

---

12. Match Agile Ceremony → Purpose

Ceremonies:

• Sprint Planning
• Sprint Review
• Sprint Retrospective
• Daily Scrum

Purposes:
A. Inspect increment with stakeholders
B. Inspect and adapt process
C. Plan work for upcoming sprint
D. Synchronize team progress and issues

Answers:

• Sprint Planning → C
• Sprint Review → A
• Sprint Retrospective → B
• Daily Scrum → D

---

13. Match Contract Risk Level → Contract Type

Contract Types:

• FPIF
• T&M
• CPFF
• FFP

Risk Levels:
A. Highest risk on seller
B. Shared risk with incentives
C. High risk on buyer
D. Moderate risk on buyer

Answers:

• FPIF → B
• T&M → C
• CPFF → D
• FFP → A

---

14. Match Leadership Style → Description

Styles:

• Servant Leadership
• Transformational
• Transactional
• Laissez-faire

Descriptions:
A. Inspires with vision
B. Hands-off approach
C. Removes obstacles and focuses on team needs
D. Rewards and punishment system

Answers:

• Servant Leadership → C
• Transformational → A
• Transactional → D
• Laissez-faire → B

---

15. Match Performance Domain → Focus Area

(PMBOK 7)

Domains:

• Stakeholders
• Team
• Planning
• Delivery

Focus Areas:
A. Completing work and producing value
B. Engagement and expectations
C. Organizing work to deliver outcomes
D. Team culture and leadership

Answers:

• Stakeholders → B
• Team → D
• Planning → C
• Delivery → A

---

16. Match WBS Element → Description

Elements:

• Work Package
• Control Account
• Planning Package
• Activity

Descriptions:
A. Lowest level where work is estimated
B. Higher-level management point for cost/schedule control
C. Future work not yet decomposed
D. Task performed to complete a work package

Answers:

• Work Package → A
• Control Account → B
• Planning Package → C
• Activity → D

---

17. Match Forecasting Formula → Meaning

Formulas:

• ETC = EAC – AC
• TCPI = (BAC – EV) / (BAC – AC)
• EAC = AC + (BAC – EV)
• VAC = BAC – EAC

Meanings:
A. Work remaining / money remaining
B. Amount of cost over/underrun
C. Remaining cost
D. Forecast at planned rate

Answers:

• ETC → C
• TCPI → A
• EAC → D
• VAC → B

---

18. Match Issue → Correct Response

Issues:

• Escalated Risk
• Scope Creep
• Team Conflict
• Poor Requirements

Responses:
A. Perform conflict resolution
B. Use integrated change control
C. Update risk register and escalate
D. Improve requirements gathering practices

Answers:

• Escalated Risk → C
• Scope Creep → B
• Team Conflict → A
• Poor Requirements → D

---

19. Match Predictive Document → Purpose

Documents:

• Schedule Management Plan
• Scope Statement
• Requirements Traceability Matrix
• Risk Register

Purposes:
A. Links requirements to deliverables
B. Outlines how schedule will be controlled
C. Contains details of what is included/excluded
D. Repository of risks

Answers:

• Schedule Mgmt Plan → B
• Scope Statement → C
• RTM → A
• Risk Register → D

---

20. Match Development Approach → Best Fit Scenario

Approaches:

• Predictive
• Agile
• Hybrid
• Incremental

Scenarios:
A. Requirements evolving, high customer involvement
B. Some requirements known, some evolving
C. Full upfront planning and fixed scope
D. Product built in usable slices each release

Answers:

• Predictive → C
• Agile → A
• Hybrid → B
• Incremental → D

1. Match Plan → Primary Purpose

Plans:

• Scope Management Plan
• Requirements Management Plan
• Schedule Management Plan
• Cost Management Plan

Purposes:
A. Defines how costs will be planned, managed, and controlled
B. Defines how requirements will be analyzed and documented
C. Defines how project scope will be defined and validated
D. Defines criteria and tools for scheduling work

Answers:

• Scope Management Plan → C
• Requirements Mgmt Plan → B
• Schedule Mgmt Plan → D
• Cost Mgmt Plan → A

---

2. Match Agile Value → Meaning (Agile Manifesto)

Values:

• Individuals and interactions
• Working software
• Customer collaboration
• Responding to change

Meanings:
A. Engage customers throughout
B. Adapt plans as needed
C. Prioritize people and communication
D. Deliver usable product frequently

Answers:

• Individuals and interactions → C
• Working software → D
• Customer collaboration → A
• Responding to change → B

---

3. Match Leadership Trait → Description

Traits:

• Empathy
• Transparency
• Accountability
• Servant Leadership

Descriptions:
A. Supporting the team by removing blockers
B. Taking ownership of outcomes
C. Showing understanding of others
D. Sharing information openly

Answers:

• Empathy → C
• Transparency → D
• Accountability → B
• Servant Leadership → A

---

4. Match Procurement Tool → Use Case

Tools:

• Bidder Conferences
• Procurement Negotiations
• Make-or-Buy Analysis
• Independent Estimates

Use Cases:
A. Compare vendor pricing
B. Validate cost realism
C. Clarify procurements with bidders
D. Decide internal vs external sourcing

Answers:

• Bidder Conferences → C
• Procurement Negotiations → A
• Make-or-Buy → D
• Independent Estimates → B

---

5. Match Scheduling Concept → Definition

Concepts:

• Lead
• Lag
• Mandatory Dependency
• Discretionary Dependency

Definitions:
A. A required sequence
B. Delay between activities
C. Preferred but flexible sequence
D. Overlap between activities

Answers:

• Lead → D
• Lag → B
• Mandatory Dependency → A
• Discretionary Dependency → C

---

6. Match Team Development Stage → Behavior

Stages (Tuckman):

• Forming
• Storming
• Norming
• Performing

Behaviors:
A. High collaboration and autonomy
B. Conflict and challenges emerge
C. Roles and ground rules forming
D. Team begins building trust

Answers:

• Forming → D
• Storming → B
• Norming → C
• Performing → A

---

7. Match Risk Response (Positive) → Description

Responses:

• Exploit
• Enhance
• Share
• Accept

Descriptions:
A. Assign to a partner with better capability
B. Ensure opportunity is realized
C. Increase probability/impact
D. Do nothing except monitor

Answers:

• Exploit → B
• Enhance → C
• Share → A
• Accept → D

---

8. Match Risk Response (Negative) → Action

Responses:

• Avoid
• Transfer
• Mitigate
• Accept

Actions:
A. Purchase insurance
B. Change plan to eliminate risk
C. Add redundancy to reduce impact
D. Acknowledge but take no action

Answers:

• Avoid → B
• Transfer → A
• Mitigate → C
• Accept → D

---

9. Match Artifact → Explanation

Artifacts:

• Product Roadmap
• Release Plan
• Sprint Backlog
• Increment

Explanations:
A. Product features across multiple releases
B. Work items chosen for current sprint
C. Deliverable created each sprint
D. Timeline for delivering features progressively

Answers:

• Product Roadmap → A
• Release Plan → D
• Sprint Backlog → B
• Increment → C

---

10. Match Predictive Document → Purpose

Documents:

• Activity List
• Milestone List
• Schedule Network Diagram
• Duration Estimates

Purposes:
A. Activities’ expected lengths
B. Major checkpoints
C. Logical sequencing
D. Tasks created from WBS

Answers:

• Activity List → D
• Milestone List → B
• Schedule Network Diagram → C
• Duration Estimates → A

---

11. Match Quality Cost Category → Example

Categories:

• Prevention
• Appraisal
• Internal Failure
• External Failure

Examples:
A. Customer finds defects
B. Testing and inspections
C. Training and process design
D. Rework discovered before delivery

Answers:

• Prevention → C
• Appraisal → B
• Internal Failure → D
• External Failure → A

---

12. Match PM Role (PMBOK 7) → Description

Roles:

• Systems Thinker
• Value Delivery Champion
• Innovator
• Negotiator

Descriptions:
A. Focus on maximizing outcomes
B. Encourages new ways of working
C. Understands organizational complexity
D. Facilitates agreements

Answers:

• Systems Thinker → C
• Value Delivery Champion → A
• Innovator → B
• Negotiator → D

---

13. Match Hybrid Approach → Scenario

Approaches:

• Agile-Predictive Hybrid
• Predictive-Agile Hybrid
• Incremental-Predictive Hybrid
• Iterative-Predictive Hybrid

Scenarios:
A. Predictive plan, adaptive execution
B. Use agile early, predictive later
C. Deliver in segments, with upfront planning
D. Early iterations for uncertainty, predictive end

Answers:

• Agile-Predictive Hybrid → A
• Predictive-Agile Hybrid → B
• Incremental-Predictive → C
• Iterative-Predictive → D

---

14. Match Earned Value Term → Formula

Terms:

• CV
• SV
• CPI
• SPI

Formulas:
A. EV – AC
B. EV – PV
C. EV / AC
D. EV / PV

Answers:

• CV → A
• SV → B
• CPI → C
• SPI → D

---

15. Match EAC Formula → Context

Formulas:

• EAC = BAC / CPI
• EAC = AC + (BAC – EV)
• EAC = AC + Bottom-up ETC
• EAC = AC + [(BAC – EV) / (CPI × SPI)]

Contexts:
A. Poor performance expected to continue
B. Original estimate flawed, re-estimate remaining
C. Use when only cost performance matters
D. Cost and schedule both matter

Answers:

• BAC/CPI → C
• AC + (BAC – EV) → A
• AC + Bottom-up ETC → B
• AC + [(BAC – EV)/(CPI×SPI)] → D

---

16. Match Scope Term → Purpose

Terms:

• WBS
• WBS Dictionary
• Scope Statement
• Requirements Documentation

Purposes:
A. Decomposes work
B. Describes deliverables in detail
C. Links requirements to business need
D. Adds detailed descriptions to WBS elements

Answers:

• WBS → A
• WBS Dictionary → D
• Scope Statement → B
• Requirements Documentation → C

---

17. Match Meeting Type → Goal

Types:

• Kickoff Meeting
• Lessons Learned Meeting
• Status Meeting
• Steering Committee Meeting

Goals:
A. Strategic guidance
B. Formally start project
C. Review progress
D. Capture insights

Answers:

• Kickoff → B
• Lessons Learned → D
• Status → C
• Steering Committee → A

---

18. Match Constraint → Example

Constraints:

• Time
• Cost
• Scope
• Quality

Examples:
A. Deliver within approved budget
B. Achieve required grade
C. Complete by deadline
D. Include all agreed deliverables

Answers:

• Time → C
• Cost → A
• Scope → D
• Quality → B

---

19. Match Organizational Structure → Attribute

Structures:

• Functional
• Matrix
• Project-Oriented
• Hybrid

Attributes:
A. Mixed authority
B. PM has full authority
C. PM has little authority
D. Blend of multiple structures

Answers:

• Functional → C
• Matrix → A
• Project-Oriented → B
• Hybrid → D

---

20. Match Communication Skill → Description

Skills:

• Active Listening
• Feedback
• Nonverbal Communication
• Facilitation

Descriptions:
A. Neutral guiding of discussions
B. Responding to enhance understanding
C. Eye contact and body language
D. Fully concentrating on speaker

Answers:

• Active Listening → D
• Feedback → B
• Nonverbal → C
• Facilitation → A

---

21. Match Conflict Source → Example

Sources:

• Resources
• Priorities
• Schedules
• Technical Opinions

Examples:
A. Different views on solution design
B. Competing work demands
C. Limited availability
D. Sequencing disagreements

Answers:

• Resources → C
• Priorities → B
• Schedules → D
• Technical Opinions → A

---

22. Match Stakeholder Engagement Level → Behavior

Levels:

• Unaware
• Resistant
• Neutral
• Supportive

Behaviors:
A. Opposes project
B. No knowledge of project
C. Neither supports nor opposes
D. Actively contributes positively

Answers:

• Unaware → B
• Resistant → A
• Neutral → C
• Supportive → D

---

23. Match PM Technique → Purpose

Techniques:

• Rolling Wave Planning
• Decomposition
• Progressive Elaboration
• Value-Driven Delivery

Purposes:
A. Break work into smaller parts
B. Plan near-term work in detail
C. Update plans as understanding grows
D. Focus on customer outcomes

Answers:

• Rolling Wave → B
• Decomposition → A
• Progressive Elaboration → C
• Value Delivery → D

---

24. Match Agile Practice → Benefit

Practices:

• Pair Programming
• Continuous Integration
• Test-Driven Development
• Burndown Chart

Benefits:
A. Tracks remaining work
B. Cleaner code with fewer defects
C. Early detection of integration issues
D. Improves quality via shared knowledge

Answers:

• Pair Programming → D
• Continuous Integration → C
• Test-Driven Development → B
• Burndown Chart → A

---

25. Match Product Backlog Item Type → Example

Types:

• Feature
• Bug
• Technical Debt
• Spike

Examples:
A. Research task
B. Functionality for customers
C. Known defect
D. Cleanup/refactoring needed

Answers:

• Feature → B
• Bug → C
• Technical Debt → D
• Spike → A

---

26. Match Metrics → Measures

Metrics:

• Velocity
• Cycle Time
• Lead Time
• Throughput

Measures:
A. Items finished per iteration
B. Time from request to delivery
C. Time to complete an item once started
D. Amount of work completed per sprint

Answers:

• Velocity → D
• Cycle Time → C
• Lead Time → B
• Throughput → A

---

27. Match Change Type → Description

Types:

• Corrective Action
• Preventive Action
• Defect Repair
• Change Request

Descriptions:
A. Modify to repair nonconformance
B. Proposal to modify anything
C. Realign performance
D. Avoid future issues

Answers:

• Corrective Action → C
• Preventive Action → D
• Defect Repair → A
• Change Request → B

---

28. Match Audit Type → Purpose

Types:

• Quality Audit
• Risk Audit
• Procurement Audit
• Compliance Audit

Purposes:
A. Review contracting efficiency
B. Ensure adherence to laws
C. Examine effectiveness of responses
D. Review process performance

Answers:

• Quality → D
• Risk → C
• Procurement → A
• Compliance → B

---

29. Match Tailoring Area → Consideration

Areas:

• Life Cycle
• Development Approach
• Governance
• Stakeholders

Considerations:
A. Predictive vs agile controls
B. Organizational policies
C. Delivery method
D. Engagement needs

Answers:

• Life Cycle → C
• Development Approach → A
• Governance → B
• Stakeholders → D

---

30. Match PM Competency → Example

Competencies:

• Leadership
• Technical Project Skills
• Strategic Thinking
• Interpersonal Skills

Examples:
A. Building relationships
B. Understanding business impact
C. Managing schedule/budget
D. Inspiring the team

Answers:

• Leadership → D
• Technical Skills → C
• Strategic Thinking → B
• Interpersonal → A

---

31. Match Cost Estimate Type → Accuracy

Types:

• ROM
• Budget Estimate
• Definitive Estimate
• Rough Estimate

Accuracy:
A. –10% to +10%
B. –25% to +75%
C. –5% to +15%
D. ±10–30%

Answers:

• ROM → B
• Budget Estimate → D
• Definitive → A
• Rough Estimate → C

---

32. Match Resource Type → Example

Types:

• Physical
• Human
• Material
• Organizational

Examples:
A. Steel, concrete
B. Equipment
C. Team members
D. PMO policies

Answers:

• Physical → B
• Human → C
• Material → A
• Organizational → D

---

33. Match Testing Type → Definition

Types:

• Integration Testing
• System Testing
• UAT
• Regression Testing

Definitions:
A. Whole system tests
B. User verification
C. Check unchanged areas
D. Modules tested together

Answers:

• Integration → D
• System → A
• UAT → B
• Regression → C

---

34. Match Team Management Document → Function

Documents:

• Team Charter
• Resource Breakdown Structure
• Responsibility Assignment Matrix
• Skills Assessment

Functions:
A. Maps roles to WBS
B. Defines team norms
C. Categorizes resources
D. Evaluates capabilities

Answers:

• Team Charter → B
• RBS → C
• RAM → A
• Skills Assessment → D

---

35. Match Monitoring Technique → Focus

Techniques:

• Variance Analysis
• Trend Analysis
• What-if Scenario
• Root Cause Analysis

Focus:
A. Patterns over time
B. Deviations vs baseline
C. Predict alternatives
D. Determine underlying cause

Answers:

• Variance → B
• Trend → A
• What-if → C
• RCA → D

---

36. Match Agile Role → Common Anti-Pattern

Roles:

• Scrum Master
• Product Owner
• Developers
• Stakeholder

Anti-Patterns:
A. Treating team as order takers
B. Micromanaging
C. Not refining backlog
D. Using Daily Scrum as status report

Answers:

• Scrum Master → D
• Product Owner → C
• Developers → B
• Stakeholder → A

---

37. Match Responsibility Level → Description

Levels:

• Responsible
• Accountable
• Consulted
• Informed

Descriptions:
A. Performs work
B. Decision maker
C. Provides input
D. Notified of updates

Answers:

• Responsible → A
• Accountable → B
• Consulted → C
• Informed → D

---

38. Match Baseline → What It Controls

Baselines:

• Scope Baseline
• Schedule Baseline
• Cost Baseline
• Performance Measurement Baseline

Controls:
A. Approved costs
B. Integrated cost/schedule/scope
C. Approved schedule
D. Approved scope

Answers:

• Scope Baseline → D
• Schedule Baseline → C
• Cost Baseline → A
• Performance Measurement Baseline → B

---

39. Match PM Document → Timing

Documents:

• Business Case
• Charter
• Management Plans
• Deliverables

Timing:
A. Created during planning
B. Created during initiation
C. Produced during execution
D. Created before project approval

Answers:

• Business Case → D
• Charter → B
• Management Plans → A
• Deliverables → C

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40. Match Agile Board Type → Use Case

Boards:

• Kanban Board
• Scrum Board
• Program Board
• Portfolio Board

Use Cases:
A. Multiple teams and dependencies
B. Enterprise-level strategy
C. Sprint-specific tasks
D. Continuous flow work

Answers:

• Kanban → D
• Scrum → C
• Program → A
• Portfolio → B

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41. Match Estimation Method → Explanation

Methods:

• Delphi
• Affinity
• Planning Poker
• Wideband Delphi

Explanations:
A. Grouping similar tasks
B. Anonymous expert consensus
C. Card-based estimation
D. Iterative expert discussion

Answers:

• Delphi → B
• Affinity → A
• Planning Poker → C
• Wideband Delphi → D

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42. Match PM Methodology → Focus

Methodologies:

• Lean
• Six Sigma
• Waterfall
• XP

Focus:
A. Waste reduction
B. Continuous improvement
C. Structured sequential process
D. Extreme code quality

Answers:

• Lean → A
• Six Sigma → B
• Waterfall → C
• XP → D

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43. Match Team Performance Indicator → Example

Indicators:

• Morale
• Productivity
• Collaboration
• Predictability

Examples:
A. Stable velocity
B. Positive team environment
C. Pair programming
D. High throughput

Answers:

• Morale → B
• Productivity → D
• Collaboration → C
• Predictability → A

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44. Match Configuration Element → Purpose

Elements:

• Configuration Identification
• Configuration Control
• Configuration Status Accounting
• Configuration Verification

Purposes:
A. Ensure correct versions delivered
B. Track changes
C. Approve/reject changes
D. Define items to be controlled

Answers:

• Identification → D
• Control → C
• Status Accounting → B
• Verification → A

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45. Match Value Delivery Concept → Definition

Concepts:

• Minimum Viable Product
• Incremental Delivery
• Iterative Development
• Continuous Delivery

Definitions:
A. Frequent small releases
B. Building usable chunks
C. Learning through repeating cycles
D. Simplest value version

Answers:

• MVP → D
• Incremental → B
• Iterative → C
• Continuous Delivery → A

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46. Match Decision Method → Use Case

Methods:

• Multi-Criteria Analysis
• Cost-Benefit Analysis
• SWOT
• Force Field Analysis

Use Cases:
A. Evaluate pros/cons
B. Strengths & weaknesses
C. Weighted scoring
D. Driving vs restraining forces

Answers:

• Multi-Criteria → C
• Cost-Benefit → A
• SWOT → B
• Force Field → D

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47. Match Constraint Type → Impact

Types:

• Legal
• Regulatory
• Environmental
• Cultural

Impacts:
A. Laws defining constraints
B. Climate or physical geography
C. Mandatory rules from authorities
D. Local customs

Answers:

• Legal → A
• Regulatory → C
• Environmental → B
• Cultural → D

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48. Match Chart → Use

Charts:

• Gantt Chart
• PERT Chart
• Control Chart
• Flowchart

Uses:
A. Shows workflow
B. Identifies schedule paths
C. Tracks process stability
D. Time-phased schedule

Answers:

• Gantt → D
• PERT → B
• Control → C
• Flowchart → A

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49. Match Motivation Theory → Concept

Theories:

• Maslow
• McGregor
• Herzberg
• Vroom

Concepts:
A. Expectancy theory
B. Hygiene vs motivators
C. Hierarchy of needs
D. Theory X & Y

Answers:

• Maslow → C
• McGregor → D
• Herzberg → B
• Vroom → A

50. Match Resource Optimization → Technique

Techniques: Techniques:
Resource Leveling         A. Increase cost to shorten schedule
Resource Smoothing         B. Adjust resources to remove overallocations
Crashing         C. Increase parallel activities
Fast Tracking         D. Adjust tasks without changing critical path

Answers:

• Resource Leveling → B
• Resource Smoothing → D
• Crashing → A
• Fast Tracking → C